SPIKES
The SPIKES protocol is a method used in clinical medicine to break bad news to patients and families.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] As receiving bad news can cause distress and anxiety,[7] clinicians need to deliver the news carefully.[8] By using the SPIKES method for introducing and communicating information to patients and their families, it can aid in the presentation of the material. The SPIKES method is helpful in providing an organized manner of communication during situations that are typically complex and difficult to communicate. According to research related to the SPIKES method, important factors to consider when using this protocol involve empathy, acknowledgement and validation of feelings, providing information about intervention and treatment, and ensuring that the patient understands the news being delivered.[1]